Subcutaneous Emphysema and Pneumomediastinum
Diagnosis: Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema
Findings on Imaging:
- Imaging studies such as X-ray, CT, or ultrasound may show air pockets in the mediastinum and subcutaneous tissues, indicating pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.
- On X-ray, the presence of air in the mediastinum may appear as a “double contour” sign, outlining the heart and other mediastinal structures.
- On CT, the air pockets may be more clearly visualized and the extent of the condition can be better assessed.
Next Steps in Management:
- Management of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition.
- Treatment options may include observation, supplemental oxygen therapy, pain management, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.
- Regular imaging follow-up is recommended to monitor for changes in the size and extent of the air pockets.
Key Take Away Points:
- Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are conditions where air becomes trapped in the mediastinum and subcutaneous tissues, respectively.
- Imaging studies such as X-ray, CT, or ultrasound can help diagnose pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema by showing the presence of air pockets.
- Treatment of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema may include observation, supplemental oxygen therapy, pain management, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.
- Regular imaging follow-up is recommended to monitor for changes in the size and extent of the air pockets.
Case submitted by Dr. Celine Rodriguez MD to radRounds Radiology Network
